FM Power Amplifier 88 – 108 MHz with BLY87A, BLY89A, KT920A, KT925B

Posted on Thursday January 2nd, 2020 by lz4ny

FM Power Amplifier 88 – 108 MHz with BLY87A, BLY89A, KT920A, KT925B

A very simple fm power amplifier which can deliver 4W rf power with 12V power supply and BLY87A or KT920A and 20W with BLY89A or KT925B.
If you use BLY87A or KT920A the input power must be 0.5W and 4W if you use BLY89A or KT925B. This fm power amplifier is designed to work on 50 Ω antennas and a maximum power supply of 14V and in 88 108 MHz band.

Use only metallic trimmers, a good heatsink for the transistor and ceramic capacitors and keep the pins very short.

FM power amplifier circuit components:
C1 = C8 = 10-40pF + 22pF in parallel ||
C2 = 10-70pF + 120pF ||
C3 = 2.2nF
C4 = 33nF
C5 = 4 x 180pF
C6 = 1nF
C7 = 2.2nF
C9 = 10-70pF + 47pF ||
R1 = 380Ω
R2 = 47Ω
R3 = 5.6 Ω
L1 = 3 turns / 0.8mm / 6mm / legth = 8mm
L2 = 6turns / 0.5mm /over R2
L3 = 5 t / 0.6mm / 6mm
L4 = 4 t / 1.2mm / 8mm
T = 4W with BLY87A, KT920A
T = 20W with BLY89A, KT925B

FM amplifier circuit schematic

 

Source from: electroschematics

ATTENTION !!! Broadcasting in these frequencies is prohibited by law and you must have a special license !!!

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Portable APRS Tracker + Messenger AprSVW

Posted on Friday June 15th, 2018 by lz4ny

Portable APRS Tracker + Messenger
AprSVW

(IK3SVW)

Are you mobile? Would you like to take a look at the APRS traffic and at the same time send your position detected by a GPS at fixed or variable time intervals with your speed? Do you also need to automatically receive and send confirmation to an APRS message destined only to you, and maybe already that you reply to the sender with a short personal message?
Do you want to do all this without a PC or an expensive rtx with special aprs features?
So it’s for you AprSVW, a small, low-power portable APRS decoder / encoder that uses a 4×20-character LCD display. To summarize, with AprSVW connected to a specific FM transceiver operating on the APRS frequencies it is possible to:

  • generic monitoring of the 1200 baud Packet traffic;
  • decode and display data from the APRS stations at 1200 baud;
  • receive and automatically send acknowledgment of receipt (ack) to an APRS message addressed to you;
  • view at any time the last APRS message addressed to you, signaled acoustically at the moment you arrive;
  • compose and transmit a short message to an APRS station of your choice, checking if the sender has confirmed receipt (ack);
  • display and transmit your position in APRS (detected by a GPS), at predetermined time intervals;
  • send a fixed position, in case you do not own a GPS or be for example at home.
Once set, your name in addition to the one to send the message and the text of the message itself remain stored even if you turn off AprSVW, while you can view the last message addressed to your name until you turn off AprSVW. It is also possible at any time to force the acquisition of GPS data and the transmission of own coordinates (in compressed format, type mic-e)
AprSVW30.Zip (v3.0 68KB 05/2007 italian / english)
File containing all the necessary material (diagram, firmware, instructions) to create AprSVW v3.0, which has the predisposition to connect in place of the two buttons a small interface for rotary encoders of universal type, useful for speeding up the writing operations of the message . All information for the implementation of the encoder interface is also included in this file.Although AprSVW can edit and save your name, the recipient’s name and the APRS message to be sent and you can activate / deactivate the autorisposta, you can configure entirely AprSVW v3.0 from a PC using the following software called AprSVW Config:AprSVW_Config_v30.zip (v3.0 1,79MB 03/2007 italian / english)
Installation package for Win95 / 98 / Me / 2000 / XP of AprSVW Config, software that allows you to configure all the parameters of AprSVW v3.0 via PC via RS232 serial interface.
Note: I recommend uninstalling any software versions prior to v3.0.
Electric scheme
The scheme of AprSVW v3.0 is very similar to the Peek_SVW which is an APRS viewer, in fact the same integrated ones are used: PIC16F628 and FX614 (MX614). It is also possible to use a PIC16F628A.
The changes to the wiring diagram with respect to Peek_SVW mainly concern the implementation of the transmission section, absent in the Peek_SVW. The circuit is composed of an input / output for any FM transceiver to the MX614 modem (for availability see the notes below) that deals with converting packet signals from analog to digital and vice versa (alternatively it is possible to use a TCM3105, see notes below), and to talk with PIC16F628 / 628A which in turn deals with the decoding and coding of APRS packets and the display on a 4×20-character LCD display with HD44780 driver (also available at trade fairs or similar: new coast too much!). To the PIC are connected 2 buttons, 1 diverter and an RS232 input, which allow the operativity, as well as a buzzer to emit an alarm sound when a message arrives. The circuit must be powered at 8-12 Volt and consumes about 15mA (excluding the eventual backlighting of the display), a common 9V battery can therefore be used.

Note:

The integrated MX614 (FX614) is not easy to find,alternatively, the integrated TCM3105 can be used instead of the MX614, so the AprSVW30.zip file also contains the wiring diagram for the TCM3105.

Links to AprSVW
AprSVW must be connected to an FM rtx in this way:The BF output of the RTX must be connected to the “Audio In” of the AprSVW.
The microphone input of the RTX must be connected to the “Mic Out” of the AprSVW.
The PTT contact of the RTX must be connected to the “PTT” of the AprsVW. Many portable RTX models do not have a PTT contact and in this case a 2.2KOhm resistor must be connected to the “PTT” and “Mic Out” of the AprSVW.It is very important that the rtx DOES NOT have the squelch open but rather adjusted for normal use, ie the BF output must be muted in the absence of an RF signal. The RS232 serial connector of AprSVW serves two purposes:As a GPS input: simply connect the GPS serial output directly to the serial connector of the AprSW. The GPS must be set to a serial NMEA output at 4800 baud.
As a data input from the PC: in this case it is necessary to use a NULL MODEM cable to connect the serial output of the PC to the serial input of the AprSW (in practice just exchange the connections to pins 2 and 3 of a normal serial cable ).Other links:Instead of the two Set and Select buttons, it is possible to connect a rotary encoder interface with a push button to speed up operations. Find schema and instructions included in the same AprSVW file (AprSVW30.Zip).
The buzzer, which has the function of signaling an incoming message, can be replaced, for example, by an LED or other signaling device.
Use of AprSVW
The manual, included in the zip files, explains in detail the four available screens, numbered from 1 to 4, summarized here:Extended display of all incoming APRS (UI) packets. When this is switched on, this screen is selected.
Display and setting of name, and display of the last message received (addressed to your name).
Display, setting and transmission of APRS message on exit.
Mixed view of incoming packets and their coordinates, speed and direction detected by the connected GPS.You can change the screen by briefly pressing the Select key (if you are not setting data), this will display the screens 1-2-3-4 in a cyclic manner.
In addition to the PC settings it is obviously possible to make settings directly from AprSVW, how to enter your name, write a message or transmit your position. When making settings, reception is disabled, and a flashing cursor will appear on each character / parameter to be set.
The Select key is used to change screens or to select a character during settings. The Set key is used to make settings (if pressed briefly) or to confirm a set character (if pressed for a long time). When editing the text, the Select button has a repetition if you hold it down for a long time.
If you use the encoder interface instead of the buttons, turning the encoder clockwise simulates pressing the Select key while turning the encoder counterclockwise simulates a short press of the Set key, then pressing the encoder simulates the long press of the same Set key.
Even when displaying screens 2 and 3, if you are not making settings, AprSVW continues to receive APRS traffic even if it is not displayed. When a message addressed to your AprSVW name is received, force the display of screen 2.
Finally, at any time you can force the acquisition of GPS data and the transmission of the position by pressing the Set button on the screens 1 or 4.Example of screens of AprSVW v3.0
Below you can see examples of the four LCD screens, numbered 1 to 4, of AprSVW:
You see aprs traffic in full, in this case the aprs IV3BVQ-9 station sent a packet in compressed format (mic-e) with the following info: Service (in service, in abbreviated v3.0 to M2), latitude, longitude, speed (31Km / h), direction (67th) and comment.

Here you can see and set your name, in this case IK3XYZ-9, and see the last message (addressed to your name) that in the example was transmitted by IK3ABC and contains the text “OK we feel on RU8 between 5 minutes “.

Here we see that the message “SENTIAMOCI SU RU8” is sent to AprsVW (written “TX ..”) at the aprs IK3ABC station, which has already sent the acknowledgment of receipt (written “ACKED”, which in v3.0 replaces the word “TX ..”).

In the upper two rows you see the aprs traffic, in this case the message “Hello” sent from IK2DKX to IW2FUS-9, and in the two lower lines you see your position (Lat 45 ° 40.70 ‘North, Long 12 ° 21.62’ East ), speed (60 km / h) and direction (150 °) detected by the GPS ..

Program AprSVW Config v3.0 to transfer the settings from the PC to AprSVW

At the side you can see how the program AprSVW Config, which allows you to change all the parameters of AprSVW by sending the data through the PC serial port. By permitting F1 it is however possible to call the manual which explains all the parameters and the use of the program.
It starts with TX DELAY, ie the waiting for tx data after pressing the PTT; then choose your icon via ICON Symbol and Alternate Table. In the manual (by pressing F1) you can find the most common icons. Then enter your name in MY CALLSIGN (also editable directly from AprSVW). So you have to set the digs for the aprs via APRS PATH (further info), then set the STATUS text that is the comment to be sent every Status txt every time.

It is possible to check the Disable display position … box so that the coordinates of the received stations are not displayed, to the advantage of the additional information.
It then goes to the transmission times divided into 2 panels, Manual Timing and Automatic Timing, where there are operating times when the GPS is off or on. In this last case you can choose the transmission interval of your position according to the speed detected by the GPS. Continuing we find the parameters Acquisition interval in the GPS box that guarantees a minimum interval of acquisition and display of GPS data, and Acquisition timeout that is important and determines how long AprSVW is dedicated to acquiring data from the GPS: if for example the GPS sends the data every 2 seconds, the Acquisition timeout setting to 25 (2.5 seconds) ensures you always receive data from the GPS. I advise you to do some tests starting from a long time (40 or more) and then go down in order to find the right time for your GPS.
A special case is the GPSless Mode: when you do not have a GPS or in a fixed position, you can send the position by setting the Acquisition timeout parameter to 0 and inserting the coordinates in the STATUS text through a special coordinates input window, as specified in the program.
Note: I recommend never setting the parameters in Manual Timing, Automatic Timing and Acquisition interval to very low values ​​(30 seconds or less). These parameters are rounded to about ten seconds.
Then passing to the specific message box (which can also be entered directly from AprSVW), we find Msg Retries indicating how many times the message is transmitted, and then the “real” parameters of the message to be transmitted: APRS message TO CALL, name to to send the APRS message, and Message text, message text to send.
Finally you can check the Auto send message … box to automatically send the message to the sender of the last message received.
On the last Configuration / Programming pane there are several options: Default sets the default parameters, Save and Load save / read from the disk the parameters, Comm num sets the serial port number, Help recalls the manual and finally the SEND button, which you can press after checking all the parameters and connecting the PC to the AprSVW set for data acquisition (by keeping the select button pressed or the encoder key at power on). The data will thus be effectively sent.
At this point, after checking the success of the sending on AprSVW you have finished, and AprSVW v3.0 will be immediately operational with the new parameters!

Original itallian page: https://digilander.libero.it/ik3svw/aprsvw.htm

Original page (not available): http://www.ir3ip.net/ik3svw/aprsvw.htm

 

 

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SSB transceiver – “Balkan”

Posted on Friday January 20th, 2017 by lz4ny

SSB transceiver – “Balkan”

direct conversion of 3,5 MHz

/Bulgarian language only/

Техниката с пряко преобразуване е популярна сред радиолюбителите заради простотата на схемите. Но по-голяма част на схемите на трансийвъри с пряко преобразуване са телеграфни (CW), което не ги прави особено търсени, защото малко от съвременните радиолюбители имат нерви и търпение да работят с азбуката на морз. От друга страна дори и най-простите трансийвъри с двойно преобразуване съдържат скъпи и дефицитни части като ЕМФ-та и кварцове, които се намират трудно дори и от втора ръка, а в търговската мрежа никога не се появяват. Въпреки 20-те години демокрация и свобода на пазара – магазините за радиочасти в България все още далеч не могат да задоволят нуждите на радиолюбителите! По тази причина конструирах прост и лесен за изпълнение трансийвър на 3,5 MHz, детайли за който могат да се намерят почти във всеки магазин за радиочасти. Основната идея в тази схема е използването на обратим SSB-балансен модулатор (Т1, Т2, Т3, D1-D4) който може да работи както в режим на приемане, така и на предаване.

Ето накратко характеристиките на трансийвъра:

– Чувствителност в режим на приемане: не по-малко от 1 микроволт.
– Потискане на неработещата горна лента: 40–45 дб.
– Потискане на носещата в режим на предаване:50 дб.
– Изходна мощност на предавателя при напрежение 28-30 волта в последното стъпало на високочестотния усилвател (V12) около 10W.
Дължа извинения на читателите (радиолюбителите), че им поднасям ръчно начертана схема, ретуширана на места с програмата за рисуване Paint, заради което някои от линиите изглеждат по-тъмни и по-дебели от останалите. Ако някой има повече търпение от мен, нека прекара схемата през компютър с програма за чертане на радиосхеми. Но аз мисля, че дори и в този си вид схемата се чете.
Ако я разгледаме по блоковe, схемата съдържа: – Балансен модулатор/демодулатор с Т1, Т2, Т3 и диодите D1, D2, D3, D4 (1N4148).
– Микрофонен усилвател с електретен микрофон и интегрална схема LM 386.
– Нискочестотен усилвател на транзисторите V3, V4, V5 (BC547) и LM386.
– Плавен генератор (VFO) с транзисторите V1 и V2 (BF173).
– УВЧ (приемник) с транзисторите V6, V7 (КТ 355А) или с техния западен аналог BFY90.
– Усилвател на мощност с транзисторите V8, V9 (BF 324), V10 (2Т6821), V11 (2SA473) и V12 (2SC3182).
Заменянето на посочените транзистори с други близки по параметри транзистори по принцип е възможно, но не е желателно, тъй като ефектът от тази замяна е непредвидим! Тези транзистори не са избрани случайно, а след експериментална работа във всеки един от въпросните блокове на трансийвъра. Така например транзисторите ВС547 в нискочестотния предусилвател са предпочетени заради техния нисък основен шум. Ако вместо тях поставим българските аналози (2Т3168, 2Т3169) шумът в усилвателя нараства няколкократно, което прави невъзможно приемането на слабо чуващи се станции. Руските КТ355А са поставени в УВЧ блока защото са чувствителни и имат висок коефициент на усилване, което позволява значително опростяване на схемата на УВЧ-то. А конструкциите на приемници и трансийвъри с пряко преобразуване трябва да притежават простота. Иначе се обезсмислят!
Данни на бобините, дроселите и трансформаторите на трансийвъра:

– L1 – 20 навивки ПЕЛ 0,32 върху тяло с диаметър 6 мм. Кондензаторът С1 се подбира експериментално в границите от 120 до 390 пикофарада.
– L2 – 60 навивки ПЕЛ 0,2 върху тяло с диаметър 6мм. L3 се навива върху L2 и съдържа 10 навивки ПЕЛ 0,32.
– L4, L5 – тези две бобини са навити върху тела с диаметър 6мм и имат 60 навивки ПЕЛ 0,2 с извод от 12 навивка, смятано от долния заземен край.
Проводниците върху гореспоменатите бобинки (LC-кръгове) трябва да са здраво стегнати върху телата, вързани с конец, а след това намазани с безцветен лак за нокти!!! Това важи особено за L1 в плавния генератор (VFO) от чиято механична изработка зависи стабилността на генерираната честота. Ако навивките на този кръг не са добре стегнати, дрейфът на честотата ще бъде толкова голям, че ще направи работата с трансийвъра невъзможна!
– L6 – бобината на крайното стъпало на предавателя, е навита върху водопроводна ПВЦ тръба 1 цол (26 милиметра диаметър) 45 навивки ПЕЛ 0,5. Както предишните бобини, и тази трябва да бъде навита здраво и лакирана с лак за нокти. Променливите кондензатори С5 и С6 са с капацитет 5/260 пикофарада.

– L7 и L8 са намотани върху парчета от феритна антена с магнитна проводимост 1000. L7 – 80 навивки ПЕЛ 0,35. L8 – 50 навивки ПЕЛ 0,5.

– Дроселите RFC1, RFC2, RFC3 са навити върху феритни пръстенчета с диаметър от 7 до 10 милиметра и с магнитна проводимост от 1000 до 3000. И трите дросела съдържат 90 навивки ПЕЛ 0,1.

– Дроселът RFC4 е навит върху съпротивление 1 мегаом 0,5 вата, 150 навивки ПЕЛ 0,1.
Дроселът на захранващия блок е навит върху феритен пръстен с диаметър 30–40 милиметра, две намотки по 30 навивки ПЕЛ 0,5 (такъв феритен пръстен може да се вземе от изгорял захранващ блок на компютър). И двете намотки се навиват в една посока!!! Наличието на този дросел е задължително. Той ограничава проникването на брум от електрическата мрежа в трансийвъра. По принцип всички схеми на приемници и трансийвъри с пряко преобразуване са особено чувствителни към брумовете и промишлените смущения в електрическата мрежа (220 V).

Трансформаторите Т1 и Т2 са навити върху феритни пръстенчета с диаметър от 7 до 10 милиметра и с магнитна проводимост от 1000 до 3000. Трансформаторът Т2 е навит трифилярно (навива се с три проводника едновременно ), като краят на намотка I се свързва с началото на намотка II и така се образува средният общ извод, който отива към дросела RFC3. Всяка от трите намотки съдържа 15 навивки ПЕЛ 0,2. Трансформаторът Т1 – I има 10 навивки, а II – 20 навивки. И двете намотки са с проводник ПЕЛ 0,2 и СЕ НАВИВАТ В ЕДНА ПОСОКА!!!

Т3 ( НЧ-фазоинвертора) е малък трансформатор от джобен приемник. Намотка I има съпротивление 8 ома, а намотка II – 600 ома.

Феритните пръстени не трябва преди това да са работили във електрически вериги с прав ток, защото в такъв случай ще бъдат намагнитени, което силно ще влоши работата на SSB-модулатора!

Комутацията на трансивъра от режим RX (приемане) към режим TX (предаване) се прави (както е по правило) с 12-волтови релета, които включват и изключват захранването на обозначените с TX–RX блокове или прехвърлят сигнала от една верига към друга. Не предлагам схема за такава комутация. Нека всеки радиолюбител разработи такава сам. Това е елементарно. Сам ще дам един съвет – последователно на бобинките на релетата да се включват 50 – 100 ома съпротивления, които да понижават малко напрежението, за да не се износват и изкривяват бързо контактните пъпки и пластинки. Тези съпротивления удължават живота на релетата и особено на онези, които сработват и с по-малко напрежение (8 – 9) волта!

Настройката на трансивъра трябва да се направи с двулъчев осцилограф, с помощта на който да се уверите, че носещата и горната странична лента на сигнала са изрязани от SSB-модулатора. Но ако нямате достъп до подобен вид осцилограф – по-лесно е да настроите схемата с помощта на друг SSB трансийвър на 3,5 МHz. Така ще можете да прослушате качеството на сигнала както в режим на приемане, така и на предаване. Трансийвърът работи с 40-метрова антена тип “наклонен вектор”. Контролът на съгласуването на антената с предавателя се извършва с помощта на лампата Л1 (6V/250 mA). Когато антената е в резонанс с бобината L6 на крайното стъпало (при изключен ключ Кл1) – лампата Л1 свети ярко. Лампата се включва само при настройка на предавателното стъпало. По време на провеждане на връзки лампата трябва да бъде изключена, т.е. дадена накъсо от Кл1. Както се подразбира от схемата, настройката на бобината L6 (както на честотата, така и на силата на сигнала) се извършва с кондензаторите С4 и С5 (5/260 pF), които задължително трябва да бъдат с “въздушен диелектрик”.

Ако нискочестотният усилвател започне да се самовъзбужда и да пищи, включете между колектора на транзистора V5 и “минуса” на схемата допълнителен кондензатор 10 nF. Това шунтиране на транзистора ще спре самовъзбуждането на усилвателя.
На транзистора V11 се монтира прост радиатор направен от п-образно огъната ламаринка. Транзисторът V12 изисква по-сериозен радиатор. Транзисторът се монтира с керамична подложка, намазана от двете страни със силиконова паста. Транзисторът V12 не трябва да има електрическа (галванична) връзка с радиатора и затова болтчето, което го стяга към радиатора трябва да е с пластмасова изолационна втулка.

Захранващият блок на трансийвъра трябва да бъде с трансформатор, чиято вторична понижаваща намотка от 24V да не е по-малко от 3 ампера. В противен случай в режим на предаване има вероятност от падане на напрежението. Грецът е съставен от осем паралелно включени диоди 1N4007 с цел намаляване на загубите при изправянето на тока. Със същата цел са свързани паралелно двата транзистора KD503.

Кондензаторите имат следните стойности :

C1 – 2200 μF / 50V,
C2 – 100 nF,
C3 – 10 nF,
C4 – 100 nF,
C5 – 100 μF / 16 V,
С6 – 2200 μF / 50V,
C7 – 100 nF,
C8 – 10 nF.

Бележка: За нормалната работа на трансивъра в SSB режим е необходимо усилвателят на мощност, изпълнен с транзистора V12, да работи в клас AB с начален ток на покой. По показания начин на свързване на V12 с дросел RFC4 в базовата верига усилвателят на мощност е подходящ за телеграфни сигнали.

Николай Господинов – Даскала

Свали оригинална статия от тук !

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Linear PA without HV trafo – gu50

Posted on Thursday January 12th, 2017 by lz4ny

Linear PA without HV trafo with 3 – gu50

This is very small and light PA, but with power more of 300W output in CW mode and 500W pep in SSB mode. In the PA there is not trafo for HV. The plate voltage is the quadrupled electrical mains AC voltage. Special relays circuit look for correct connection the phase and ground wire to the PA and automatically switch in right position. Nevertheless there is no danger from electrical stroke, because the AC ground wire is ALWAYS on the chassis and there is not contact between the dc supply wires and chassis.
In the PA is used very popular and chip Russian tubes GU50. The maximum plate voltage of this tube is up to 1200V, that is suitable to use multiplied mans voltage (3-4 times) with 1N5408 diode and small electrolytic capacitors from computer PS.

Shematic diagram in pdf file !

 

Power supply view Here !

Coils is Here !

Full info is in Bulgarian language !

Original from page of LZ2ZK (sk)

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ampr-ripd and Amprnet Net-44 notes

Posted on Tuesday January 10th, 2017 by lz4ny

ampr-ripd and Amprnet Net-44 notes

Info from page of KB9MWR

First some history:

In early 2012, Heikki Hannikainen, OH7LZB (the ham behind aprs.fi) modernized the amprnet routing by writing a custom RIPv2 daemon to receive RIP updates from the 44/8 ampr.org routing service, and insert them in the Linux routing table.  This has replaced the encap.txt and munge script method.

In late 2012 a new unified interface was given to www.ampr.org.

Prior; another email robot that Jim Fuller, N7VR maintained emailed a daily encap.txt list of NOS style route commands.  From there if you were on the ball you had a cron script munge these into your gateways routing tables. Most folks who ran gateways were not on the ball and would manually install route updates as time permitted.

To clarify the rip announcer at UCSD is one-way so the gateways robot is still there so that hams can create/define gateways that RIP packets will be directed to.  The rip packets are sent encapsulated from 44.0.0.1.

For inbound IPIP/IPENCAP encapsulation and the RIP packets to reach your gateway you’ll need to forward protocol 4 (IPIP) to your gateway server.  Most consumer grade router/gateways and modems will lack a direct way to specify this via the GUI.  If nothing else; if you ssh/telnet into your router can can specify it there.  Or it may just be easier to enable the DMZ and point it to your ampr gateway.

Just to make it clear, IPENCAP (4) is a Layer 4 IP protocol, like ICMP (1), TCP (6), UDP (17), GRE(47), OSPF(89), AXIP (93) and a lot of others, with the difference that
it transports another L3 protocol (IP).  It works on top of IP, which is the Layer 3 protocol on the internet. And there are other L3 protocols, like ARP, IPv6, AppleTalk DDP, IPX, IPSEC and others. IPENCAP has no port numbers. Those are specific for TCP and UDP, and that’s it. You can not “simulate” it by port numbers.

Heikki wrote the original daemon in the Perl programming language.  Later Marius, YO2LOJ, wrote a ampr-ripd dameon in C.

Here are some notes using Ubuntu Server 10.04.4 LTS,  but also confirmed to work on Debian Wheezy. In these notes, using the gateways robot we have specified that subnet 44.92.21.0/24 can be reached by gateway 174.103.224.07.  We use Marius YO2LOJ’s ampr-ripd dameon (v 1.13)  (Note: worst case is a two hour wait from the time you first create a gateway in the portal to the time you start receiving route information)

 

eth0 directly connected to the internet (174.103.224.07) WAN
eth1 faces the wireless LAN (44.92.21.2) 44.92.21.0/25
tunl0 is the IPIP wormhole tunnel to the rest of the AMPRNet (44.92.21.1)
tun0 is for the optional OpenVPN server. 44.92.21.129/25

Wireless hosts use these routes to reach each other and the rest of the amprnet:: mprnet :

route add 44.92.21.0/24 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
route add 44.0.0.0/8 netmask 255.0.0.0 gw 44.92.21.2 dev eth0

You can use these notes as a basis for your setup, but you’ll need to make changes accordingly.

I have successfully installed this on a low power, cheap Raspberry Pi and added a USB network adapter.

Installing 

Debian drives me insane, I suggest making a root account so you don’t go mad:

sudo passwd root

Or at the very least switch to root:

sudo -i

Install the tools and dependencies you’ll need:

apt-get install tcpdump dnsutils iptables-persistant ipset fail2ban lynx

Enable IP forwarding and/or edit in /etc/sysctl.conf:

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

If you run a firewall, ensure IPIP protocol 4 is allowed:

iptables -A INPUT -p 4 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p udp --dport 520 -j ACCEPT
Or if you are behind NAT, something like (where 192.168.1.10 is your gateway):
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p 4 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.10

To reduce traffic, drop neighbor discovery and smb as well as MikroTik Neighbor Discovery Protocol on tunl0 (optional, but a good idea):

iptables -A OUTPUT -o tunl0 -p udp --dport 10001 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -o tunl0 -p udp --dport 137:139 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -o tunl0 -p udp --dport 5678 -j DROP

Create a tunnel interface (this should reflect the ampr IP address of your gateway) :

ifconfig tunl0 up 44.92.21.1 netmask 255.255.255.255

Download the latest daemon,  untar it, compile it, and copy it to a proper location (/usr/sbin)

wget http://www.yo2loj.ro/hamprojects/ampr-ripd-xxx.tgz
tar -xvzf  ampr-ripd-xxx.tgz
make
cp ampr-ripd /usr/sbin

Run it for the first time:

Run it first with the -d -i tunl0 option to verify that it sees the route announcements from amprgw, and to learn the plaintext password used to authenticate the RIP packets (it’s not included in the script, and I’m not posting it here, so that spoofing can only be done by those who are already receiving the announcements). Wait up to 5 minutes until the routes are transmitted, and it’ll complain about the password it’s not expecting.  (Note if you just submitted/changed your gateway in the portal, those updates are only loaded every hour):

root@hsmm-gw:~# ./ampr-ripd -d -i tunl0
found local address: 174.103.224.07
found local address: 44.92.21.2
found local address: 127.0.0.1
found local address: 44.92.21.1
opening UDP socket...
entering main loop, waiting for RIPv2 datagrams
received from 44.0.0.1: 520: 504 bytes
RIPv2 packet contains password PasswordFoundHere but we require none

 

Configure it all to start at boot:

Set up your system so the startup script should be run automatically, e.g. call it in /etc/rc.local.

My full startup script: http://www.qsl.net/kb9mwr/wapr/tcpip/startampr

 

Full post in english language is here !

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Preamp for 2m with BF981

Posted on Sunday January 8th, 2017 by lz4ny

Preamp for 2m with BF981

/Bulgarian language only/

Хари Попов LZ1BB

http://lz1bb.bfra.org/

свали

Галерия снимки 1

Галерия снимки 2

LZ1BB

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Meteo support in Android

Posted on Saturday January 7th, 2017 by lz4ny

Mini weather station Vraca

Addons for Android

Mini meteorological station Vratsa now supports format application for Android devices, which is by application Pocket PWS (have it in Google Play).

Once you download and install the application necessary for it to be set to work with this weather station.

After starting to enter the system settings need to move your finger from the bottom up on your screen, then you must specify the address where the program will draw data while it is:

Other settings look as follows:

Then, if you wish to add gadget to your screen that looks like this:

The current version supports 2 types of supplements to your screen.

Miro – LZ4NY

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Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) VFO

Posted on Thursday January 5th, 2017 by lz4ny

 Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) VFO

Niras C V/VU3CNS

DDS VFO Ver 4.0

This is a continuation of my previous DDS projects. This project uses PIC16F628A and AD9850 or AD9851. PIC16F628A is an 18-Pin microcontroller with 2K byte program memory, it is a FLASH-based and a member of the versatile PIC16F62XA family of low-cost, high-performance, CMOS, fully-static, 8-bit microcontrollers. PIC16F62XA devices have special features to reduce external components, thus reducing system cost, enhancing system reliability and reducing power consumption.

The AD9851 is a highly integrated device that uses advanced DDS technology to form a digitally programmable frequency synthesizer. AD9851 generates a stable frequency and phase-programmable digitized analogue output sine wave. This sine wave can be used directly as frequency source with an output tuning resolution of approximately 0.04 Hz with a 180 MHz system clock. The AD9851 contains 6 X REFCLK Multiplier circuits that eliminate the need for a high speed reference oscillator.

Features:

  1. Range 0 to 70 MHz by 1 Hz step.
  2. Freq setting in 1, 10, 100Hz, 1, 10, 100KHz, 1, 10 MHz by using a low cost mechanical encoder with a variable tuning rate.
  3. 2 rows X 16 character LCD display.
  4. A 4 x 3 Keypad used for easy freq entry.
  5. IF, CW, SSB offsets settings when used with Transceiver/ Receiver.
  6. Software calibration to WWV or equivalent.
  7. Two VFOs and split freq operation.
  8. 19 user memories, memories freq + mode (i.e. LSB/USB etc.)
  9. All settings are held in EEPROM and are permanent (but user can change it any time).
  10. 9 Band selection and 4 Mode selection outputs.
  11. When operating below IF frequency, clockwise rotation of rotary encoder decreases DDS out put frequency but increases the display frequency.
  12. RIT operation.

For download full software arhiv pse click DOWNLOAD:

PCB Design click HERE!

Miro – LZ4NY

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A universal direct conversion receiver for PSK-31

Posted on Tuesday January 3rd, 2017 by lz4ny

A universal direct conversion receiver for PSK-31

 

Прилагам оригиналното описание на английски език:

свали

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DSB QRPP mikro transceiver

Posted on Tuesday January 3rd, 2017 by lz4ny

DSB QRPP micro transceiver in 21 Mhz

This is a diagram of a very simple design of micro transceiver 21 Mhz built only 2 ICs (SA612 and LM386) and several discrete components, structures can easily be neglected and another frequency with recalculation and resetting the freewheeling circuit and change a quartz resonator.

Miro, LZ4NY

 

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